R&D personnel by sector in Poland, 2019
R&D personnel by sector in 2019: Annual value — 0.97 %. Comparison with the previous year and position in the series history. Official data — Eurostat.
R&D personnel by sector in 2019
- Value: 0.97 %
- Change vs 2018: −0.01 % (−1.02 %)
- Position in history: above the 25-year average (average — 0.6772 %)
- Series maximum — 1.15 % in 2024
- Series minimum — 0.44 % in 2008 (11 years ago)
- Value date: 1 January 2019
- Source: Eurostat
Dynamics over neighbouring years
| Year | Value, % |
|---|---|
| 2014 | 0.62 |
| 2015 | 0.65 |
| 2016 | 0.67 |
| 2017 | 0.86 |
| 2018 | 0.98 |
| 2019 | 0.97 |
| 2020 | 1.03 |
| 2021 | 1.07 |
| 2022 | 1.13 |
| 2023 | 1.15 |
Full history and interactive chart
Complete series for Poland — on the R&D personnel by sector page.
Other years
- R&D personnel by sector in 2009
- R&D personnel by sector in 2010
- R&D personnel by sector in 2011
- R&D personnel by sector in 2012
- R&D personnel by sector in 2013
- R&D personnel by sector in 2014
- R&D personnel by sector in 2015
- R&D personnel by sector in 2016
- R&D personnel by sector in 2017
- R&D personnel by sector in 2018
- R&D personnel by sector in 2020
- R&D personnel by sector in 2021
- R&D personnel by sector in 2022
- R&D personnel by sector in 2023
- R&D personnel by sector in 2024