R&D personnel by sector in Italy, 2021
R&D personnel by sector in 2021: Annual value — 1.38 %. Comparison with the previous year and position in the series history. Official data — Eurostat.
R&D personnel by sector in 2021
- Value: 1.38 %
- Change vs 2020: −0.05 % (−3.5 %)
- Position in history: above the 25-year average (average — 1.0324 %)
- Series maximum — 1.43 % in 2020 (1 years ago)
- Series minimum — 0.65 % in 2000 (21 years ago)
- Value date: 1 January 2021
- Source: Eurostat
Dynamics over neighbouring years
| Year | Value, % |
|---|---|
| 2015 | 1.05 |
| 2016 | 1.16 |
| 2017 | 1.27 |
| 2018 | 1.38 |
| 2019 | 1.43 |
| 2020 | 1.43 |
| 2021 | 1.38 |
| 2022 | 1.38 |
| 2023 | 1.41 |
| 2024 | 1.42 |
Full history and interactive chart
Complete series for Italy — on the R&D personnel by sector page.
Other years
- R&D personnel by sector in 2009
- R&D personnel by sector in 2010
- R&D personnel by sector in 2011
- R&D personnel by sector in 2012
- R&D personnel by sector in 2013
- R&D personnel by sector in 2014
- R&D personnel by sector in 2015
- R&D personnel by sector in 2016
- R&D personnel by sector in 2017
- R&D personnel by sector in 2018
- R&D personnel by sector in 2019
- R&D personnel by sector in 2020
- R&D personnel by sector in 2022
- R&D personnel by sector in 2023
- R&D personnel by sector in 2024