Comparable country indicators
Country ranking by government debt to GDP for 2023
Country ranking by “General government gross debt” for 2023. The table covers 55 countries with a published value; another 0 in the world catalogue have no value for this year. For Russia the ranking uses the IMF World Economic Outlook annual estimate of general government gross debt as a percent of GDP under the fund’s public finance methodology. Other countries outside full European government-finance coverage come from the same publication. Russia’s national figures from the Ministry of Finance and the Bank of Russia’s external debt statistics use different units and coverage, so the figures do not coincide.
Full country ranking
| Rank | Country | Value, % of GDP | Period |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Japan | 220.3021 | 2023 |
| 2 | Greece | 164.3 | 2023 |
| 3 | Italy | 133.9 | 2023 |
| 4 | United States | 119.9628 | 2023 |
| 5 | France | 109.5 | 2023 |
| 6 | Spain | 105.2 | 2023 |
| 7 | Canada | 105.0708 | 2023 |
| 8 | Belgium | 102.5 | 2023 |
| 9 | United Kingdom | 98.8692 | 2023 |
| 10 | Portugal | 96.9 | 2023 |
| 11 | India | 85.0105 | 2023 |
| 12 | China | 84.0837 | 2023 |
| 13 | Brazil | 84.0005 | 2023 |
| 14 | Ukraine | 81.2094 | 2023 |
| 15 | Austria | 77.8 | 2023 |
| 16 | Finland | 77 | 2023 |
| 17 | Hungary | 73.3 | 2023 |
| 18 | South Africa | 73.2203 | 2023 |
| 19 | Cyprus | 71.1 | 2023 |
| 20 | Slovenia | 68.3 | 2023 |
| 21 | Germany | 62.3 | 2023 |
| 22 | Iceland | 61.5187 | 2023 |
| 23 | Israel | 61.3291 | 2023 |
| 24 | Croatia | 60.9 | 2023 |
| 25 | Montenegro | 59.5683 | 2023 |
| 26 | Albania | 57.9746 | 2023 |
| 27 | Slovakia | 55.8 | 2023 |
| 28 | Mexico | 52.7528 | 2023 |
| 29 | South Korea | 50.5387 | 2023 |
| 30 | North Macedonia | 50.5337 | 2023 |
| 31 | Armenia | 50.5124 | 2023 |
| 32 | Poland | 49.5 | 2023 |
| 33 | Australia | 49.4155 | 2023 |
| 34 | Romania | 49.3 | 2023 |
| 35 | New Zealand | 47.2949 | 2023 |
| 36 | Malta | 46.9 | 2023 |
| 37 | Netherlands | 45.8 | 2023 |
| 38 | Serbia | 45.666 | 2023 |
| 39 | Latvia | 44.4 | 2023 |
| 40 | Norway | 42.4383 | 2023 |
| 41 | Czechia | 42.2 | 2023 |
| 42 | Ireland | 41.8 | 2023 |
| 43 | Georgia | 38.9233 | 2023 |
| 44 | Switzerland | 37.2708 | 2023 |
| 45 | Lithuania | 37.1 | 2023 |
| 46 | Moldova | 34.9448 | 2023 |
| 47 | Denmark | 33 | 2023 |
| 48 | Sweden | 32.2 | 2023 |
| 49 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 28.9843 | 2023 |
| 50 | Türkiye | 28.2407 | 2023 |
| 51 | Luxembourg | 24.7 | 2023 |
| 52 | Bulgaria | 22.9 | 2023 |
| 53 | Azerbaijan | 21.8068 | 2023 |
| 54 | Estonia | 20.2 | 2023 |
| 55 | Russia | 15.1898 | 2023 |
Other ranking indicators
- Harmonised index of consumer prices
- Unemployment rate
- General government budget balance
- General government gross debt
- Population
- Long-term government bond yield
- Economic activity rate
- GDP per capita relative to the EU average
- Gross domestic product at current prices
- Gross domestic product per capita at current prices
Other years
Data source
International Monetary Fund and Eurostat. Units: % of GDP. For each calendar year the last published value within the year is used.
Data as of January 2023